Amniotic Membrane Implantation

What is amniotic membrane implantation?

Amniotic membrane implantation is a treatment performed to help the eye heal when there are serious wounds or damage on the eye surface. This treatment is carried out using the amniotic membrane, a natural membrane obtained from the placenta (also called the afterbirth) after delivery. The amniotic membrane contains special substances that help the eye heal. It also reduces inflammation and helps prevent the eye from catching an infection.

In which situations is the amniotic membrane used?

The amniotic membrane can be used in many different conditions of the eye. It is particularly effective in the following diseases. Corneal wounds: when open wounds form on the cornea, the transparent layer of the eye, the amniotic membrane helps the eye heal more quickly. Chemical burns: serious damage can occur when the eye is exposed to chemical substances, and the amniotic membrane supports the repair of this damage. After pterygium surgery: after the tissue growth (pterygium) that forms on the white part of the eye is surgically removed, this membrane can be used so that the eye heals faster. Stevens-Johnson syndrome: in this serious ocular surface disease, the amniotic membrane is used to protect and heal the epithelium. Dry eye syndrome: it can also be used in cases of severe dry eye disease to speed up healing on the eye surface and ease symptoms. After keratoplasty (corneal transplant): applying the amniotic membrane can help the eye surface heal more quickly.

Properties of the amniotic membrane

Anti-inflammatory effect: it suppresses inflammation and reduces redness and swelling in the eye. Anti-fibrotic effect: it prevents the formation of scar tissue on the eye surface. Anti-microbial effect: it reduces the risk of bacteria and infection. Cell regeneration: it encourages the renewal and proliferation of the cells on the eye surface.

How is the amniotic membrane applied?

This procedure is usually carried out with a small surgical intervention on the eye. The amniotic membrane is placed over the damaged area of the eye. The surgeon fixes the membrane using sutures or an adhesive. While it remains on the eye, the membrane speeds up the healing process. The amniotic membrane dissolves on its own over time and is absorbed by the body.

Stages of the operation

Preparation: the patient is prepared for surgery under sterile conditions, and regional anesthesia is applied. Placement of the membrane: the amniotic membrane is placed over the damaged area; the application may vary according to the position of the membrane and the patient's condition. Final check: once the membrane is fixed in place, the patient is protected with an eye dressing and the healing process begins.

Why is this treatment preferred? What are its advantages?

The use of the amniotic membrane provides many benefits. Faster healing: the amniotic membrane speeds up the eye's healing process and helps patients recover in a shorter time. Reducing pain: by reducing inflammation in the eye, it helps the patient feel more comfortable. Reducing the risk of infection: it lowers the risk of catching an infection while the wounds in the eye heal. Preventing scar formation: by reducing fibrosis, it prevents the formation of permanent marks on the eye.

What to expect after amniotic membrane implantation

After the amniotic membrane is placed, there may be a dressing on the eye for a while. Your doctor will give you information about the eye drops and medications you need to use during the healing process. It is normal to feel some discomfort in the first few days, but this pain and discomfort usually subside quickly. It is important to follow your doctor's advice in order to monitor your eye's healing process closely.

Are there risks to the treatment?

As with any surgical procedure, amniotic membrane implantation can carry some risks. However, this procedure is generally safe and complications are rare. The most common complications may include a mild risk of infection, temporary blurred vision in the eye, and the membrane slipping out of place early. Although these risks are rare, your doctor can prevent these problems by monitoring your healing process closely.

This page is for general information and does not replace a personal examination. The right approach is decided together after an eye examination.